Urban planning and childhood: towards a city model promoting environmental awareness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.16921/chasqui.v0i136.3305Keywords:
simcities, environment, urban planning, parks, mallsAbstract
Urbanism must harmoniously integrate nature to develop environmental awareness. During childhood, the city should provide spaces for the child to experience the benefits of interacting with the natural environment. However, contemporary cities offer simulated spaces that privilege consumption and deprive children of contact with nature. Based on ethnographic techniques, this study describes possible relationships between urbanism and environmental awareness, based on observations in 4 artificial spaces of children's leisure and interviews with 15 boys and 16 girls between 6 and 12 years of age in the northern area of Barranquilla, Colombia. The results suggest guidelines for creating an urbanism that teaches children how to protect nature in the future.
References
Barranquilla se raja en el Índice de Calidad Ambiental Urbana. (2015, 31 de octubre). El Heraldo. Colombia. Recuperado de: http://bit.ly/2pwnx1y.
Brieva, H. (2013, 18 de junio). Barranquilla y su precaria oferta de espacio público. El Heraldo. Colombia. Recuperado de: http://bit.ly/2C59Nh4.
Baudrillard, J. (2007 [1978]). Cultura y simulacro. Barcelona: Editorial Kairós.
Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2), 77-101.
Burdette, H.L., & R.C. Whitaker. (2005). Resurrecting free play in young children: Looking beyond fitness and fatness to attention, affiliation, and affect. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 159, 46–50.
Cheng, J. & Monroe, M. (2012). Connection to nature: Children’s affective attitude toward nature. Environment and Behavior, (44), 1, 31-49.
Freire, H. (2011). Educar en verde. Barcelona: Editorial Graó.
García, C., Corral-Verdugo, V. & Benavides, G. (2015). Preference for trees, optimism and physical, psychological and social wellbeing among high school students. Psyecology, 6, 213-228.
Herzog, T. & Strevey, S. (2008). Contact with nature, sense of humor, and psychological well- being. Environment and Behavior, (40), 6, 747-776.
Economist Intelligence Unit (2017). Índice de ciudades verdes en América Latina. Recuperado de: http://sie.ag/2mLHxYr.
Kahn, P., Severson, R. & Ruckert, J. (2009). The Human Relation with nature and technological nature. Current Directions in Psychological Science, University of Washington, 18 (1), 37-42.
Kahn, P. (1997). Developmental psychology and the biophilia hypothesis: Children's affiliation with nature. Developmental Review, (17), 1, 1-61.
Kellert, S. (2002). Building for Life: Designing and understanding the human-nature connection. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Kunst, M. & N. Witlox. (1993). Comunicación y medio ambiente. Chasqui. Revista Latinoamericana de Comunicación. No. 46, 1993, 83-86. Recuperado de: http://bit.ly/2pxv14x.
Kuo, F. & Taylor, A. (2004). A potential natural treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Evidence from a national study. American Journal of Public Health, (94) 9, 1580-1586.
Kunstler, J. H. (2003). The city in mind. Notes on the urban condition. The Free Press.
Larraín, S. (2004). El paradigma de la sustentabilidad: perspectiva ecologista y perspectiva de género. Revista latinoamericana, 9, p. p. 1-12.
Las 5 ciudades más sustentables del mundo (2015, 1 de diciembre). Infobae. Argentina. Recuperado de http://bit.ly/2l9fanb.
Lefebvre, H. (1974). The Production of space. Oxford: Blackwell.
Lindgren, A., Sparrman, A., Samuelsson, T. & Cardell, D. (2015). Enacting (real) fiction: Materializing childhoods in a Theme park. Childhood. 22, (2), 171–186.
Miyara, F. (2001). Ruido, juventud y derechos humanos. Proceedings of Congreso Argentino-Latinoamericano de Derechos Humanos: “Una Mirada desde la Universidad. Recuperado de: http://bit.ly/2DQ2BFY.
Maller, C. & Townsend, M. (2006). Children's mental health and wellbeing and hands-on contact with nature. International Journal of Learning, (12), 4, 359-372.
Preocupante situación de la calidad del aire en Bogotá. (2014, 13 de mayo). Revista Semana. Colombia Recuperado de: http://bit.ly/1nE3hTc.
Profice, C., Pinheiro, J., Fandi, A. & Gomes, A. (2015). Children’s environmental perception of protected areas in the Atlantic Rainforest. Psyecology, 6, (3), 328-358.
Rodríguez, M. (2011). Hacia una construcción de una ciudadanía ambiental en la escuela. Espiral, (1), 1, 13-20.
Soja, E. (1996). Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and other real-and-imagined place. Oxford: Blackwell.
Soja, E. (2008). Postmetrópolis. Estudios críticos sobre las ciudades y las regiones. Madrid: Traficantes de Sueños.
Taylor, A., Kuo, F., & Sullivan, W. (2001). Views of nature and self-discipline: Evidence from inner city children. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 1-16.
OMS [Organización Mundial de la Salud] (2017, febrero). Sordera y pérdida de la audición. Nota descriptiva. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Recuperado de: http://bit.ly/1bEK9dW.
Tonucci, F. (2015). La ciudad de los niños. Barcelona: Editorial Graó.
Toro Sánchez, F. (2009). Los centros comerciales. Espacio posmodernos de ocio y consumo. Cuadernos Geográficos, 44, 257-261.
Ulrich, R. (1983). Aesthetic and Affective Response to Natural Environment. En Altman, I. & Wohlwill, J. (Eds) Behavior and the natural environment. New York: Plenum, 6, 85-125.
Wells, N. & Evans, G. (2003). Nearby Nature: A Buffer of Life Stress Among Rural Children. Environment and Behavior, (35), 3, 311-330.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License (CC BY-ND) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online.

